Severe Period Pain: Why Some Women Suffer So Much During Menstruation

Why Do Some Women Experience Severe Abdominal Pain During Periods?

Menstruation is a natural and essential biological process for women, yet for many, it comes with significant discomfort. While mild cramps are common, some women experience severe abdominal pain during periods that interferes with daily life, work, and emotional well-being.

But why does this happen?
Is intense period pain normal?
And when should you seek medical help?

In this article, we explain the real causes of period pain, how to manage it safely, and when it may indicate an underlying health condition.

What Is Period Pain?

Period pain, medically known as dysmenorrhea, refers to cramping pain in the lower abdomen that occurs before or during menstruation.

It can range from:

• Mild discomfort

• Moderate cramping

• Severe, debilitating pain

Pain usually begins 1–2 days before bleeding and may last for 2–4 days.

Primary Causes of Severe Period Pain

1. High Prostaglandin Levels

The most common cause of menstrual pain is a hormone-like substance called prostaglandins.

During periods:

• Prostaglandins trigger uterine contractions

• Strong contractions reduce blood flow

• Reduced oxygen causes muscle pain

 Higher prostaglandin levels = more intense cramps

2. Strong Uterine Contractions

In some women, the uterus contracts more forcefully to shed its lining.

This can:

• Press against nearby nerves

• Reduce oxygen supply

• Increase pain sensitivity

3. Hormonal Imbalance

Imbalance between estrogen and progesterone may cause:

• Irregular periods

• Heavier bleeding

• Increased cramping

Hormonal imbalance is common during:

• Teenage years

• Stressful periods

• Lifestyle or diet changes

4. Endometriosis

Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.

Symptoms include:

• Extremely painful periods

• Pelvic pain beyond menstruation

• Pain during intercourse

⚠️ This condition requires medical diagnosis and treatment.

5. PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)

Women with PCOS may experience:

• Irregular or painful periods

• Hormonal imbalance

• Pelvic discomfort

Proper diet and lifestyle management play a major role in symptom control. A balanced pregnancy and hormonal diet is especially important for women planning conception.
You can explore a detailed pregnancy diet chart for Indian mothers here:

6. Stress and Emotional Factors

Chronic stress can:

• Increase cortisol levels

• Disrupt hormonal balance

• Lower pain tolerance

Mental health and physical pain are deeply connected during menstruation.

Common Symptoms Along With Period Pain

Many women experience additional symptoms such as:

• Lower back pain

• Thigh or leg pain

• Nausea or vomiting

• Diarrhea or bloating

• Fatigue

• Mood swings or irritability

Safe and Effective Ways to Reduce Period Pain

1. Heat Therapy

Applying a warm compress or heating pad to the lower abdomen:

• Relaxes uterine muscles

• Improves blood circulation

• Reduces cramping intensity

2. Gentle Exercise and Stretching

Light activities such as:

• Walking

• Yoga

• Pelvic stretches

Help release endorphins, the body’s natural pain relievers.

3. Stay Hydrated

Drinking enough water helps:

• Reduce bloating

• Prevent muscle cramps

• Improve blood flow

Aim for 8–10 glasses daily, especially during menstruation.

4. Maintain a Balanced Diet

What you eat can directly affect period pain.

Helpful foods include:

• Fresh fruits and vegetables

• Omega-3 rich foods

• Calcium-rich foods

• Light proteins

If you are pregnant or planning pregnancy, choosing the right foods becomes even more important. Learn which fruits are safest and most beneficial during pregnancy here:

5. Adequate Sleep

Quality sleep:

• Regulates hormones

• Reduces stress levels

• Improves pain tolerance

Try to maintain a consistent sleep routine during your cycle.

When Should You See a Doctor?

Not all period pain is normal. Seek medical advice if you experience:

 Pain so severe it stops daily activities
 Pain that does not improve with home remedies
 Excessive or prolonged bleeding
 Irregular or missed periods
 Pain accompanied by fever or vomiting
 Symptoms worsening over time

Early diagnosis helps prevent long-term complications.

Does Period Pain Affect Fertility?

✔️ Mild to moderate period pain does not affect fertility.

However, conditions like:

• Endometriosis

• PCOS

• Uterine abnormalities

May impact reproductive health if untreated.

Tracking ovulation and reproductive milestones is helpful for women planning pregnancy. You can estimate important dates using the Due Date Calculator by MammaTrack:

Lifestyle Tips for Long-Term Relief

• Maintain a healthy body weight

• Manage stress through meditation or breathing exercises

• Avoid smoking and excess caffeine

• Follow a nutrient-rich diet

• Monitor menstrual patterns regularly

Final Thoughts

Experiencing abdominal pain during periods is common, but severe or worsening pain should never be ignored. Understanding the cause helps you take control of your menstrual health safely and confidently.

At MammaTrack, our goal is to provide trusted, evidence-based, and women-focused health information to support you at every stage—from menstrual health to pregnancy and beyond.

Your body deserves attention, care, and informed decisions 

Medical Disclaimer:
This content is for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis or treatment.